The Poetic Edda · Poem 4
The Ballad of Grimnir
1King Hrauthung had two sons: one was called Agnar, and the other Geirröth. Agnar was ten winters old, and Geirröth eight. Once they both rowed in a boat with their fishing-gear to catch little fish; and the wind drove them out into the sea. In the darkness of the night they were wrecked on the shore; and going up, they found a poor peasant, with whom they stayed through the winter. The housewife took care of Agnar, and the peasant cared for Geirröth, and taught him wisdom. In the spring the peasant gave him a boat; and when the couple led them to the shore, the peasant spoke secretly with Geirröth. They had a fair wind, and came to their father’s landing-place. Geirröth was forward in the boat; he leaped up on land, but pushed out the boat and said, “Go thou now where evil may have thee!” The boat drifted out to sea. Geirröth, however, went up to the house, and was well received, but his father was dead. Then Geirröth was made king, and became a renowned man. Othin and Frigg sat in Hlithskjolf and looked over all the worlds. Othin said: “Seest thou Agnar, thy fosterling, how he begets children with a giantess in the cave? But Geirröth, my fosterling, is a king, and now rules over his land.” Frigg said: “He is so miserly that he tortures his guests if he thinks that too many of them come to him.” Othin replied that this was the greatest of lies; and they made a wager about this matter. Frigg sent her maid-servant, Fulla, to Geirröth. She bade the king beware lest a magician who was come thither to his land should bewitch him, and told this sign concerning him, that no dog was so fierce as to leap at him. Now it was a very great slander that King Geirröth was not hospitable; but nevertheless he had them take the man whom the dogs would not attack. He wore a dark-blue mantle and called himself Grimnir, but said no more about himself, though he was questioned. The king had him tortured to make him speak, and set him between two fires, and he sat there eight nights. King Geirröth had a son ten winters old, and called Agnar after his father’s brother. Agnar went to Grimnir, and gave him a full horn to drink from, and said that the king did ill in letting him be tormented without cause. Grimnir drank from the horn; the fire had come so near that the mantle burned on Grimnir’s back. He spake: Hot art thou, fire! too fierce by far; Get ye now gone, ye flames! The mantle is burnt, though I bear it aloft, And the fire scorches the fur.
2’Twixt the fires now eight nights have I sat, And no man brought meat to me, Save Agnar alone, and alone shall rule Geirröth’s son o’er the Goths.
3Hail to thee, Agnar! for hailed thou art By the voice of Veratyr; For a single drink shalt thou never receive A greater gift as reward.
4The land is holy that lies hard by The gods and the elves together; And Thor shall ever in Thruthheim dwell, Till the gods to destruction go.
5Ydalir call they the place where Ull A hall for himself hath set; And Alfheim the gods to Freyr once gave As a tooth-gift in ancient times.
6A third home is there, with silver thatched By the hands of the gracious gods: Valaskjolf is it, in days of old Set by a god for himself.
7Sökkvabekk is the fourth, where cool waves flow, And amid their murmur it stands; There daily do Othin and Saga drink In gladness from cups of gold.
8The fifth is Glathsheim, and gold-bright there Stands Valhall stretching wide; And there does Othin each day choose The men who have fallen in fight.
9Easy is it to know for him who to Othin Comes and beholds the hall; Its rafters are spears, with shields is it roofed, On its benches are breastplates strewn.
10Easy is it to know for him who to Othin Comes and beholds the hall; There hangs a wolf by the western door, And o’er it an eagle hovers.
11The sixth is Thrymheim, where Thjazi dwelt, The giant of marvelous might; Now Skathi abides, the god’s fair bride, In the home that her father had.
12The seventh is Breithablik; Baldr has there For himself a dwelling set, In the land I know that lies so fair, And from evil fate is free.
13Himinbjorg is the eighth, and Heimdall there O’er men holds sway, it is said; In his well-built house does the warder of heaven The good mead gladly drink.
14The ninth is Folkvang, where Freyja decrees Who shall have seats in the hall; The half of the dead each day does she choose, And half does Othin have.
15The tenth is Glitnir; its pillars are gold, And its roof with silver is set; There most of his days does Forseti dwell, And sets all strife at end.
16The eleventh is Noatun; there has Njorth For himself a dwelling set; The sinless ruler of men there sits In his temple timbered high.
17Filled with growing trees and high-standing grass Is Vithi, Vithar’s land; But there did the son from his steed leap down, When his father he fain would avenge.
18In Eldhrimnir Andhrimnir cooks Sæhrimnir’s seething flesh,— The best of food, but few men know On what fare the warriors feast.
19Freki and Geri does Heerfather feed, The far-famed fighter of old: But on wine alone does the weapon-decked god, Othin, forever live.
20O’er Mithgarth Hugin and Munin both Each day set forth to fly; For Hugin I fear lest he come not home, But for Munin my care is more.
21Loud roars Thund, and Thjothvitnir’s fish Joyously fares in the flood; Hard does it seem to the host of the slain To wade the torrent wild.
22There Valgrind stands, the sacred gate, And behind are the holy doors; Old is the gate, but few there are Who can tell how it tightly is locked.
23Five hundred doors and forty there are, I ween, in Valhall’s walls; Eight hundred fighters through one door fare When to war with the wolf they go.
24Five hundred rooms and forty there are I ween, in Bilskirnir built; Of all the homes whose roofs I beheld, My son’s the greatest meseemed.
25Heithrun is the goat who stands by Heerfather’s hall, And the branches of Lærath she bites; The pitcher she fills with the fair, clear mead, Ne’er fails the foaming drink.
26Eikthyrnir is the hart who stands by Heerfather’s hall And the branches of Lærath he bites; From his horns a stream into Hvergelmir drops, Thence all the rivers run.
27Sith and Vith, Sækin and Ækin, Svol and Fimbulthul, Gunnthro and Fjorm, Rin and Rinnandi, Gipul and Gopul, Gomul and Geirvimul, That flow through the fields of the gods; Thyn and Vin, Thol and Hol, Groth and Gunnthorin.
28Vino is one, Vegsvin another, And Thjothnuma a third; Nyt and Not, Non and Hron, Slith and Hrith, Sylg and Ylg, Vith and Von, Vond and Strond, Gjol and Leipt, that go among men, And hence they fall to Hel.
29Kormt and Ormt and the Kerlaugs twain Shall Thor each day wade through, (When dooms to give he forth shall go To the ash-tree Yggdrasil;) For heaven’s bridge burns all in flame, And the sacred waters seethe.
30Glath and Gyllir, Gler and Skeithbrimir, Silfrintopp and Sinir, Gisl and Falhofnir, Golltopp and Lettfeti, On these steeds the gods shall go When dooms to give each day they ride To the ash-tree Yggdrasil.
31Three roots there are that three ways run ’Neath the ash-tree Yggdrasil; ’Neath the first lives Hel, ’neath the second the frost-giants, ’Neath the last are the lands of men.
32Ratatosk is the squirrel who there shall run On the ash-tree Yggdrasil; From above the words of the eagle he bears, And tells them to Nithhogg beneath.
33Four harts there are, that the highest twigs Nibble with necks bent back; Dain and Dvalin,........ Duneyr and Dyrathror.
34More serpents there are beneath the ash Than an unwise ape would think; Goin and Moin, Grafvitnir’s sons, Grabak and Grafvolluth, Ofnir and Svafnir shall ever, methinks, Gnaw at the twigs of the tree.
35Yggdrasil’s ash great evil suffers, Far more than men do know; The hart bites its top, its trunk is rotting, And Nithhogg gnaws beneath.
36Hrist and Mist bring the horn at my will, Skeggjold and Skogul; Hild and Thruth, Hlokk and Herfjotur, Gol and Geironul, Randgrith and Rathgrith and Reginleif Beer to the warriors bring.
37Arvak and Alsvith up shall drag Weary the weight of the sun; But an iron cool have the kindly gods Of yore set under their yokes.
38In front of the sun does Svalin stand, The shield for the shining god; Mountains and sea would be set in flames If it fell from before the sun.
39Skoll is the wolf that to Ironwood Follows the glittering god, And the son of Hrothvitnir, Hati, awaits The burning bride of heaven.
40Out of Ymir’s flesh was fashioned the earth, And the ocean out of his blood; Of his bones the hills, of his hair the trees, Of his skull the heavens high.
41Mithgarth the gods from his eyebrows made, And set for the sons of men; And out of his brain the baleful clouds They made to move on high.
42His the favor of Ull and of all the gods Who first in the flames will reach; For the house can be seen by the sons of the gods If the kettle aside were cast.
43In days of old did Ivaldi’s sons Skithblathnir fashion fair, The best of ships for the bright god Freyr, The noble son of Njorth.
44The best of trees must Yggdrasil be, Skithblathnir best of boats; Of all the gods is Othin the greatest, And Sleipnir the best of steeds; Bilrost of bridges, Bragi of skalds, Hobrok of hawks, and Garm of hounds.
45To the race of the gods my face have I raised, And the wished-for aid have I waked; For to all the gods has the message gone That sit in Ægir’s seats, That drink within Ægir’s doors.
46Grim is my name, Gangleri am I, Herjan and Hjalmberi, Thekk and Thrithi, Thuth and Uth, Helblindi and Hor;
47Sath and Svipal and Sanngetal, Herteit and Hnikar, Bileyg, Baleyg, Bolverk, Fjolnir, Grim and Grimnir, Glapsvith, Fjolsvith.
48Sithhott, Sithskegg, Sigfather, Hnikuth, Allfather, Valfather, Atrith, Farmatyr: A single name have I never had Since first among men I fared.
49Grimnir they call me in Geirröth’s hall, With Asmund Jalk am I; Kjalar I was when I went in a sledge, At the council Thror am I called, As Vithur I fare to the fight; Oski, Biflindi, Jafnhor and Omi, Gondlir and Harbarth midst gods.
50I deceived the giant Sokkmimir old As Svithur and Svithrir of yore; Of Mithvitnir’s son the slayer I was When the famed one found his doom.
51Drunk art thou, Geirröth, too much didst thou drink,............... Much hast thou lost, for help no more From me or my heroes thou hast.
52Small heed didst thou take to all that I told, And false were the words of thy friends; For now the sword of my friend I see, That waits all wet with blood.
53Thy sword-pierced body shall Ygg have soon, For thy life is ended at last; The maids are hostile; now Othin behold! Now come to me if thou canst!
54Now am I Othin, Ygg was I once, Ere that did they call me Thund; Vak and Skilfing, Vofuth and Hroptatyr, Gaut and Jalk midst the gods; Ofnir and Svafnir, and all, methinks, Are names for none but me. King Geirröth sat and had his sword on his knee, half drawn from its sheath. But when he heard that Othin was come thither, then he rose up and sought to take Othin from the fire. The sword slipped from his hand, and fell with the hilt down. The king stumbled and fell forward, and the sword pierced him through, and slew him. Then Othin vanished, but Agnar long ruled there as king.